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  • Surgical excision: This is the preferred technique, where possible, since it allows the tumour to be fully removed. An anatomopathological study is carried out afterwards to assess whether the edges of the surgical specimen are free. In addition, there is the Mohs micrographic surgery option in which the specimen undergoes an histological study during the operation, thus determining whether or not the margins of the excision need to be expanded. Sometimes skin grafts are carried out (especially when large areas of skin are removed).
  • Curettage and electrocoagulation: Removal of the tumour via curette: the treated area is then burned to eliminate possible remains.
  • Cryosurgery (liquid nitrogen): Suitable for small areas.
  • Topical cytotoxic agents: 5-fluorouracil can only be used to treat superficial basal cell carcinoma.
  • Radiotherapy: For large lesions in people of an advanced age, especially in cases where surgery failed or was difficult.
  • Imiquimod: this is a drug that is also occasionally used to treat small, superficial basal cell carcinoma. It has an immunomodulatory effect and stimulates the individual's immune response. There are several studies that support its anti-tumour effect.
  • Hedgehog pathway inhibitors